卷板機故障表現在結(jie)構(gou)上，主要是零件(jian)的損壞和零件(jian)之間裝配關系的破壞，如(ru)零件(jian)變形、斷裂，配合松弛，緊固裝置松動和失效等。

從系統(tong)(tong)的觀點來看，故障包(bao)括(kuo)兩層含(han)義：一是卷(juan)板機系統(tong)(tong)偏離正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能，它的形(xing)成原因主要是因為(wei)(wei)卷(juan)板機系統(tong)(tong)的工(gong)作(zuo)條件（包(bao)括(kuo)零部件）不正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)而產(chan)生(sheng)的，可(ke)以通過(guo)參數調節，或(huo)零部件修復又(you)能恢復到正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能；二(er)是功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)，是指系統(tong)(tong)連續偏離正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能，且其程度(du)不斷加劇(ju)，使卷(juan)板機設備基本功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能不能保證（稱為(wei)(wei)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)）。一般零件失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)可(ke)更換(huan)，關鍵零件失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)往往導致整機功(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能喪失(shi)(shi)。